India has a long and rich tradition of conducting Census taking. The earliest references of census taking in the country are found in Kautilya’s ‘Arthashastra’ (321-296 BC) and later in the writings of Abdul Fazl’s in ‘Ain-e-Akbari’ during the days of Emperor Akbar.
However, the first systematic and modern population Census, in its present scientific form was conducted non- synchronously between 1865 and 1872 in the country.
The first synchronous census in India was conducted in the Year 1881.
The Census 2011 was the fifteenth Census in this series as reckoned from 1872 and the seventh since independence. The successful conduct of Census without any break since 1872 makes the Indian census unique and unparalleled in the world.
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